As 和 Which 引导定语从句时的区别

I. 引导限制性定语从句的区别 :

Which 在引导限制性定语从句时 , 指物 , 在定语从句中做主语和宾语，做宾语 ( 动宾 , 介

宾 ),which 常可省略。（但 which 紧跟介词后时除外）。

(1)I have bought a new kind of cloth which washes well.

(2)This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.

(3)I like the book (which) my father bought me.

As 在引导限制性定语从句时 , 只修饰被 the same , such 所限定的名词或代词。有时 the

same 和 such 后面的名词可以省略， as 引导的定语从句也常用省略式。

(4) What is learned in books can't have the same deep effect on a child's character as what is

learned through experience.

(5)Let's discuss only such things as concern every one of us.

(6) I have the same trouble as you (have).

(7) I feel the same (feeling) as you do .

II. 引导非限制性定语从句的区别 :

As 在引导限制性定语从句时，只修饰整个主句， 而 Which 在引导非限制性定语从句时， 既可修饰整个主句，有可修饰主句中的某一个词或短语。 和在修饰整个主句时， 又有以下两点区别：

•  意义上的区别：

As 引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时， 相当于主句的一个插入语，句中常用的一些如 expect, see , think, hope, wish , know, guess 等动词， 译成：“正如。。。。。。” “就象。。。。。。” 等。而 Which 在引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时，常表示它与主句的一种因果关系， 主句表示原因， which 引导的定语从句表示结果。

(8) He opposed the idea, as could be expected.

(9) She has passed the exam, which makes her mother very happy.

•  位置上的区别：

Which 在引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时， 只能放在主句的后面。 而 as 引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时， 既可放在主句之后，也可放在主句之中， 还可放在主句之前。

(10) Crusoe lost his dog, which made him very sad.

(11) He, as I expected, didn't appear on time.

(12) A new car stopped at the gate, which belongs to my brother.

(13) Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.

(14) This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see.

(15)As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.